Trump Tariffs 2.0: Key Guide for Mexican Manufacturers (May 2025 Update)
- Adriana Gutierrez, Digital Media Producer
- 25 may
- 4 Min. de lectura
The trade landscape between Mexico and the United States is once again under the spotlight with the re-imposition and complex evolution of Trump administration tariffs in 2025. For manufacturers in Santa Catarina, Nuevo Leon, and throughout Mexico, understanding the specifics and implications of these "Trump Tariffs 2.0" is crucial for maintaining competitiveness and supply chain stability.
While the situation is fluid, we've already seen the implementation of certain tariffs and key exemptions that directly impact our operations. Here, we break down what Mexican manufacturers need to know.
The Return of Tariffs: What Happened in 2025?
In early 2025, the Trump administration announced the imposition of significant new tariffs on imports from various countries, including Canada and Mexico, under the authority of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). This was cited as a response to concerns related to border security, immigration, and fentanyl trafficking.
Initial Implementation: Starting March 4, 2025, a 25% tariff was applied to a wide range of imports from Mexico.
The Crucial USMCA (T-MEC) Exemption: However, just two days later, on March 6, 2025, an indefinite exemption was announced for goods that comply with the rules of origin of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA or T-MEC). This means that, for the most part, products qualifying as "USMCA origin" continue to enter the U.S. market tariff-free.
Sector-Specific Tariffs: Despite the general USMCA exemption, it's vital to note that 25% tariffs have been applied or threatened for specific sectors like automobiles and auto parts, steel and aluminum, and certain electrical components and batteries, even for non-U.S. content in USMCA-compliant vehicles.
What Does This Mean for Your Operations in Mexico?
The USMCA exemption is good news, but the threat and application of sectoral tariffs force Mexican manufacturers to conduct a deep strategic review:
USMCA Compliance is Your Strongest Shield:
Verify Your Rules of Origin
If your products are exported to the U.S. under USMCA, it's more critical than ever to ensure they strictly meet the specific rules of origin for your sector. For the automotive industry, for example, the 75% Regional Value Content (RVC) requirement is fundamental.
Impeccable Documentation
Maintain detailed and accessible records: supplier certifications, Bills of Material (BOMs), production processes, and certificates of origin are essential to demonstrate compliance to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP).
Internal Audits
Conduct regular internal audits of your supply chain and origin qualification processes. An error could result in retroactive tariffs and fines.
Impact on Key Sectors (Automotive, Steel, Aluminum, Electronics):
Automative
While most USMCA-compliant vehicle and auto parts imports are exempt, 25% tariffs persist on non-U.S. content in USMCA-compliant vehicles, as well as on vehicles and auto parts that don't meet the rules of origin. This pressure pushes companies to increase North American regional content.
Steel and Aluminum
These sectors have already been subject to U.S. 25% tariffs since 2018. New Trump policies might intensify scrutiny or expand the scope to derived or semi-finished products containing these metals.
Electronics and Appliances
While not fully exempt, certain categories of electronic products and components may face tariffs, as seen in the past. It's crucial to monitor specific lists.
Tariff Mitigation Strategies:
Tariff Engineering & Product Redesign
Evaluate if you can modify the composition or manufacturing process of your products to shift their tariff classification to a lower-duty category, or to meet USMCA rules of origin.
Duty Drawback Programs
Investigate if you qualify for the refund of duties paid on imported materials that are then exported as part of a manufactured product.
IMMEX and VAT Certification Programs
Continue to leverage the benefits of programs like IMMEX (Manufacturing, Maquiladora and Export Services Industry) and VAT Certification, which allow for the temporary import of goods without duty or VAT payment, provided they are exported.
Supply Chain Diversification and Resilience:
Strengthen Local Suppliers
Look for opportunities to develop or increase your base of local suppliers in Mexico or other USMCA countries to reduce reliance on inputs from tariff-subject regions.
Explore New markets
Although the U.S. is the primary trading partner, consider if other international markets can offer export opportunities to diversify your risk.
Investment in Automation and Efficiency
Increasing operational efficiency and reducing internal costs through automation can help offset any cost increases generated by tariffs.
Constant Monitoring and Legal Advice:
Stay Informed
Trade policy can change rapidly. Closely follow official announcements from both governments and trade bodies.
Consult Experts
Work with legal and foreign trade advisors specialized in USMCA and U.S. customs regulations. They can offer the most accurate interpretation and appropriate strategies for your specific case.
The Nearshoring Context in Nuevo Leon:
For the thriving manufacturing industry in Santa Catarina and all of Nuevo Leon, Trump Tariffs 2.0 present both challenges and a peculiar opportunity. While tariffs create uncertainty, the general exemption for USMCA products paradoxically strengthens Mexico's position as an attractive destination for nearshoring. Companies looking to avoid tariffs from other regions (like China or Europe) see Mexico as a strategic manufacturing base to access the U.S. market tariff-free, provided they comply with USMCA rules of origin.
Conclusion:
The 2025 trade landscape with "Trump Tariffs 2.0" demands that Mexican manufacturers, especially in the dynamic environment of Nuevo Leon, be more vigilant and proactive than ever. The key is rigorous USMCA compliance, supply chain optimization, and constant vigilance over evolving trade policies. By doing so, companies will not only mitigate risks but also be able to capitalize on the opportunities that arise from a constantly changing trade environment.